reinstall

One-Click Script to Reinstall System 中文

• One-click Linux installation: Supports 19 common distributions.
• One-click Windows installation: Uses the official ISO for installation instead of custom images. The script can automatically retrieves the ISO link and installs common drivers like Virtio.
• Supports installation in any direction, i.e., Linux to Linux, Linux to Windows, Windows to Windows, Windows to Linux
• No need to input IP parameters; automatically recognizes dynamic and static IPs, supports /32, /128, gateway outside subnet, IPv6 only, dual NIC
• Specially optimized for low-spec servers, requires less memory than the official netboot
• Uses partition table ID to identify hard drives throughout the process, ensuring no wrong disk is written
• Supports BIOS and EFI boot, and ARM Server
• No homemades image included, all resources are obtained in real-time from mirror sites

The original system can be any system listed in the table.

The system requirements for the target system are as follows:

System	Version	Memory	Disk
Alpine	3.18, 3.19, 3.20, 3.21	256 MB	1 GB
Debian	9, 10, 11, 12	256 MB	1 ~ 1.5 GB ^
Kali	Rolling	256 MB	1 ~ 1.5 GB ^
Ubuntu	16.04 LTS - 24.04 LTS, 25.04	512 MB *	2 GB
Anolis	7, 8, 23	512 MB *	5 GB
RHEL   AlmaLinux   Rocky   Oracle	8, 9	512 MB *	5 GB
OpenCloudOS	8, 9, Stream 23	512 MB *	5 GB
CentOS Stream	9, 10	512 MB *	5 GB
Fedora	41, 42	512 MB *	5 GB
openEuler	20.03 LTS - 24.03 LTS, 25.03	512 MB *	5 GB
openSUSE	Leap 15.6, Tumbleweed (Rolling)	512 MB *	5 GB
NixOS	24.11	512 MB	5 GB
Arch	Rolling	512 MB	5 GB
Gentoo	Rolling	512 MB	5 GB
AOSC OS	Rolling	512 MB	5 GB
fnOS	Beta	512 MB	8 GB
Windows (DD)	Any	512 MB	Depends on image
Windows (ISO)	Vista, 7, 8.x (Server 2008 - 2012 R2)	512 MB	25 GB
Windows (ISO)	10, 11 (Server 2016 - 2025)	1 GB	25 GB

* Indicates installation using cloud images, not traditional network installation.

^ Indicates requiring either 256 MB memory + 1.5 GB disk, or 512 MB memory + 1 GB disk

[!WARNING] ❌ This script does not support OpenVZ or LXC virtual machines.

Please use https://github.com/LloydAsp/OsMutation instead.

For server outside China:

curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bin456789/reinstall/main/reinstall.sh || wget -O reinstall.sh $_

For server inside China:

curl -O https://cnb.cool/bin456789/reinstall/-/git/raw/main/reinstall.sh || wget -O reinstall.sh $_

[!IMPORTANT] Before proceeding, please disable the 'Real-time protection' feature in Windows Defender. This feature may prevent certutil from downloading any files.

For server outside China:

certutil -urlcache -f -split https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bin456789/reinstall/main/reinstall.bat

For server inside China:

certutil -urlcache -f -split https://cnb.cool/bin456789/reinstall/-/git/raw/main/reinstall.bat

All features can be used on both Linux and Windows.

• on Linux, run bash reinstall.sh ...
• on Windows, first run cmd, then run .\reinstall.bat ...
  • If the link in the parameter contains special characters, it should be enclosed in "", not ''.

• The username is root with a default password of 123@@@.
• When installing the latest version, the version number does not need to be specified.
• Maximizes disk space usage: no boot partition (except for Fedora) and no swap partition.
• Automatically selects different optimized kernels based on machine type, such as Cloud or HWE kernels.
• When installing Red Hat, you must provide the qcow2 image link obtained from https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/rhel. You can also install other RHEL-based OS, such as Alibaba Cloud Linux and TencentOS Server.
• After reinstallation, if you need to change the SSH port or switch to key-based login, make sure to also modify the files inside /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/.

bash reinstall.sh anolis      7|8|23
                  opencloudos 8|9|23
                  rocky       8|9
                  redhat      8|9   --img="http://xxx.com/xxx.qcow2"
                  oracle      8|9
                  almalinux   8|9
                  centos      9|10
                  fedora      41|42
                  nixos       24.11
                  debian      9|10|11|12
                  opensuse    15.6|tumbleweed
                  alpine      3.18|3.19|3.20|3.21
                  openeuler   20.03|22.03|24.03|25.03
                  ubuntu      16.04|18.04|20.04|22.04|24.04|25.04 [--minimal]
                  kali
                  arch
                  gentoo
                  aosc
                  fnos

• --password PASSWORD Set the password
• --ssh-key KEY Set up SSH login public key, supports these formats. When using public key, password is empty.
  • --ssh-key "ssh-rsa ..."
  • --ssh-key "ssh-ed25519 ..."
  • --ssh-key "ecdsa-sha2-nistp256/384/521 ..."
  • --ssh-key http://path/to/public_key
  • --ssh-key github:your_username
  • --ssh-key gitlab:your_username
  • --ssh-key /path/to/public_key
  • --ssh-key C:\path\to\public_key
• --ssh-port PORT Change the SSH port (for log observation during installation and for the new system)
• --web-port PORT Change the Web port (for log observation during installation)
• --hold 2 Prevent reboot after installation completes, allowing SSH login to modify system content; the system is mounted at /os (this feature is not supported on Debian/Kali).

[!TIP] When installing Debian/Kali, x86 architectures can monitor the installation progress through VNC from server provider, while ARM architectures can use the serial console.

When installing other systems, can monitor the progress through various methods (SSH, HTTP 80 port, VNC from server provider, serial console).
Even if errors occur during the installation process, you can still install to Alpine via SSH by running /trans.sh alpine

bash reinstall.sh debian --ci

bash reinstall.sh centos --installer

bash reinstall.sh ubuntu --installer

• Supports raw and vhd image formats (either uncompressed or compressed as .gz, .xz, .zst, .tar, .tar.gz, .tar.xz, .tar.zst).
• When deploy a Windows image, the system disk will be automatically expanded, and machines with a static IP will have their IP configured, and may take a few minutes after the first boot for the configuration to take effect.
• When deploy a Linux image, will NOT modify any contents of the image.

bash reinstall.sh dd --img "https://example.com/xxx.xz"

• --allow-ping Allow ping responses (DD Windows only)
• --rdp-port PORT Change RDP port (DD Windows only)
• --ssh-port PORT Change SSH port (for log observation during installation)
• --web-port PORT Change Web port (for log observation during installation)
• --hold 2 Prevent reboot after the DD process finishes, allowing SSH login to modify system content. The Windows system will be mounted at /os, but Linux systems will NOT be automatically mounted.

[!TIP] Can monitor the progress through various methods (SSH, HTTP 80 port, VNC from server provider, serial console).
Even if errors occur during the installation process, you can still install to Alpine via SSH by running /trans.sh alpine

• You can use SSH to backup/restore disk, manually perform DD operations, modify partitions, and manually install Alpine, Arch, Gentoo, and other systems.
• Username root, Default password 123@@@
• If manual operations do not damage the original system, rebooting will return to the original system.

bash reinstall.sh alpine --hold=1

• --password PASSWORD Set password
• --ssh-port PORT Change SSH port
• --ssh-key KEY Set up SSH login public key, supports these formats. When using public key, password is empty.
  • --ssh-key "ssh-rsa ..."
  • --ssh-key "ssh-ed25519 ..."
  • --ssh-key "ecdsa-sha2-nistp256/384/521 ..."
  • --ssh-key http://path/to/public_key
  • --ssh-key github:your_username
  • --ssh-key gitlab:your_username
  • --ssh-key /path/to/public_key
  • --ssh-key C:\path\to\public_key

• Can manually install more systems using vendor backend VNC.
• If manual operations do not damage the original system, rebooting will return to the original system.

bash reinstall.sh netboot.xyz

• Username administrator, Default password 123@@@
• If remote login fails, try using the username .\administrator.
• The machine with a static IP will automatically configure the IP. It may take a few minutes to take effect on the first boot.
• Supports all languages.

• Windows (Vista ~ 11)
• Windows Server (2008 ~ 2025)
  • Windows Server Essentials *
  • Windows Server (Semi) Annual Channel *
  • Hyper-V Server *
  • Azure Stack HCI *

[!CAUTION] The ISO repository currently prohibits direct link downloads, so this method is no longer effective.

• The script will search for ISOs from https://massgrave.dev/genuine-installation-media, a site that collects official ISOs.
• Systems marked with * do not support automatic ISO searching.

bash reinstall.sh windows \
     --image-name "Windows 11 Enterprise LTSC 2024" \
     --lang zh-cn

ar-sa
bg-bg
cs-cz
da-dk
de-de
el-gr
en-gb
en-us
es-es
es-mx
et-ee
fi-fi
fr-ca
fr-fr
he-il
hr-hr
hu-hu
it-it
ja-jp
ko-kr
lt-lt
lv-lv
nb-no
nl-nl
pl-pl
pt-pt
pt-br
ro-ro
ru-ru
sk-sk
sl-si
sr-latn-rs
sv-se
th-th
tr-tr
uk-ua
zh-cn
zh-hk
zh-tw

• If you don't know the --image-name, you can enter any value. After rebooting, connect via SSH and re-enter the correct value based on the error messages.

bash reinstall.sh windows \
     --image-name "Windows 11 Enterprise LTSC 2024 Evaluation" \
     --iso "https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=2289029"

or Magnet Link

bash reinstall.sh windows \
     --image-name "Windows 11 Enterprise LTSC 2024" \
     --iso "magnet:?xt=urn:btih:7352bd2db48c3381dffa783763dc75aa4a6f1cff"

• --password PASSWORD Set Password
• --allow-ping Configures the Windows firewall to allow ping requests
• --rdp-port PORT Change RDP port
• --ssh-port PORT Change SSH port (for log observation during installation)
• --web-port PORT Change Web port (for log observation during installation)
• --add-driver INF_OR_DIR Add additional driver, specifying .inf path, or the folder contains .inf file.
  • The driver must be downloaded locally first.
  • This parameter can be set multiple times to add different driver.
• --hold 2 Allow SSH connections for modifying the disk content before rebooting into the official Windows installation program, with the disk mounted at /os.

• Virtio (Virtio, Alibaba Cloud, Tencent Cloud, GCP)
• XEN (XEN (unsigned), Citrix, AWS)
• AWS (ENA Network Adapter, NVME Storage Controller)
• GCP (gVNIC Network Adapter, GGA Display Adapter)
• Azure (MANA Network Adapter)
• Intel (VMD Storage Controller, Network Adapter: 7, 8, 8.1, 10, 11, 2008 R2, 2012, 2012 R2, 2016, 2019, 2022, 2025)

Typically, an ISO will contain multiple system versions, such as Home Edition and Professional Edition. The image name --image-name is used to specify the version to be installed, and it is case-insensitive when entered.

You can use tools like DISM, DISM++, or Wimlib to query the image names included in the ISO.

Commonly used image names include:

Windows 7 Ultimate
Windows 11 Pro
Windows 11 Enterprise LTSC 2024
Windows Server 2025 SERVERDATACENTER

Open File menu > Open Image File, select the iso to be installed to get the image name (full system name), and all available image names are installable.

[!WARNING] Vista (Server 2008) and 32-bit systems may lack drivers.

[!WARNING] For EFI machines without CSM enabled, Windows 7 (Server 2008 R2) cannot be installed.

Hyper-V (Azure) requires selecting the appropriate VM generation: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows-server/virtualization/hyper-v/plan/should-i-create-a-generation-1-or-2-virtual-machine-in-hyper-v

[!WARNING] In the Chinese version of Windows 10 LTSC 2021 ISO zh-cn_windows_10_enterprise_ltsc_2021_x64_dvd_033b7312.iso, the wsappx process may indefinitely consume CPU resources.

The solution is to update the system patches or manually install the VCLibs library https://www.google.com/search?q=ltsc+wsappx.

Most ARM machines support installing latest Windows 11.

During the installation process, you might encounter a black screen, and the serial console may display ConvertPages: failed to find range, but neither issue affects the installation.

1. Fork this repository.
2. Modify the confhome and confhome_cn at the beginning of reinstall.sh and reinstall.bat.
3. Make changes to the other code.

Thanks to the following businesses for providing free servers.